Optical Systems and Technology

Principal Investigator: S.-T. Ho

Sponsor: National Science Foundation (NSF) CAREER Award, 6/95 – 6/99

This research program investigates novel quantum and nonlinear optical effects in nanofabricated optical structures for optoelectronic and photonic applications. Research topics include:
(1) realization of novel microcavity semiconductor device structures and the study of quantum effects in such structures, including the modification and control of spontaneous emissions in nanometer-size optical waveguides and microcavities; (2) realization of novel optical Bragg structures at the
1.5-micron wavelength range in semiconductor waveguides to achieve ultra-broadband reflection;
and (3) theoretical study and experimental demonstration of a new type of optical solitary wave called the Bragg soliton that exists in Bragg structures having third-order optical nonlinearities.
This research could have substantial impact on a new area of quantum electronics called nanophotonics that utilizes the quantum effects of both the electrons and photons.

Principal Investigator: S.-T. Ho

Sponsor: U.S. Integrated Optics, Inc., 7/96 – 12/97

The objectives of this research are to realize novel microcavity-based photonic devices and explore their potential for large-scale integration. The devices of interest include: (1) semiconductor photonic-wire ring lasers. Such lasers could have the highest spontaneous emission coupling factor (close to the theoretical maximum of unity), and could lead to future lasers with very low lasing thresholds and high modulation rates; (2) semiconductor photonic-wire lasers based on photonic bandgap structures; (3) semiconductor photonic-wire lasers with waveguide coupling; and
(4) photonic-well semiconductor lasers with small cavity sizes. These devices could have important applications in future high-speed optical communications systems.

Co-Investigator: S.-T. Ho

Sponsor: NSF (Materials Research Center), 9/96 – 2/99

Principal Investigator: P. Kumar

Sponsor: Office of Naval Research (ONR), 3/98 – 3/99

This award allows the purchase of a diode-pumped, Q-switched, Nd:YAG laser with injection seeding and harmonic-generation options. The new laser replaces a flash-lamp pumped system used for over seven years in our ONR program "Quantum Optics with a Q-Switched Pump Source." It has higher peak power, less pulse-to-pulse energy fluctuations, and narrower linewidth. It significantly improves the dynamic range of our quantum-noise measurements of devices based on traveling-wave parametric interactions in bulk as well as guided nonlinear media. Our goal is to demonstrate turnkey sources generating squeezed twin beams and sub-Poissonian states of light. Such states have been shown to improve the sensitivity of key optical measurements beyond the shot-noise limit.

Principal Investigator: P. Kumar

Sponsor: ONR, 10/96 – 9/99

High pump power, a must for most nonlinear optical effects, is easily obtained with the use of a
Q-switched laser. Recently, we have demonstrated that such a laser can be employed in quantum-optics experiments with great success. Unlike the case with optical cavities, quantum effects are observed in a single-pass traveling-wave type of interaction with a nonlinear medium, resulting in a large temporal bandwidth. Our approach to quantum-light generation has been followed in many laboratories around the world. We have demonstrated the generation of squeezed states of light, twin-beam states of light, and sub-Poissonian states of light. Using a setup that self-generates a matched local oscillator for the detection of squeezing, in 1994 we observed 5.8±0.2 dB of quadrature squeezing, which is still the highest to date for a single-pass traveling-wave experiment. In this program, we are conducting such proof-of-principle experiments that demonstrate the use of a
Q-switched pump laser in the generation and application of pulsed twin-beams and squeezed states of light. In the past few years, our major thrust has been to perform pulsed sub-shot noise imaging experiments. In particular, we have demonstrated quantum correlations in images that have been parametrically amplified and performed experiments to show that noiseless image amplification is possible with optical parametric amplifiers.

Investigators: P. Kumar, S.-T. Ho, and B. Wessels

Sponsor: Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) / U.S. Air Force Multidisciplinary
University Research Initiative (MURI), 6/96 – 5/99

Principal Investigator: P. Kumar

Sponsor: DARPA / U.S. Air Force, 6/97 – 12/97

Principal Investigator: P. Kumar

Sponsor: ONR and National Security Agency (NSA), 4/98 – 4/99

Following three successful international workshops held since 1990 in the general area of quantum communication and measurement, the fourth conference of the series was held at Northwestern University during August 22–27, 1998. It was devoted to exploring the physical, mathematical, and technical problems related to quantum noise and quantum information in open systems, particularly those in information processing, optical-communication networks, and quantum computing.
The subject areas of the conference have tremendous potential impact on the practice of communication, computing, and cryptology. The conference allowed key researchers in experimental and engineering aspects of quantum optics and communication systems to interact with physicists and applied mathematicians working in the areas of quantum probability and measurement theory. The conference program was in the form of invited, regular, and poster papers. Proceedings of conference will be published by the Plenum Press.

Principal Investigator: P. Kumar

Sponsor: NSA, 6/98 – 6/01

Principal Investigator: P. Kumar

Sponsor: NSF, 2/98 – 1/99

Principal Investigator: A. Taflove

Sponsor: Interstitial, Inc., 9/96 – 12/99

Finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) computational electromagnetics modeling is used to analyze and design a novel ultrawideband microwave sensor technology for the detection of early-stage human breast cancers. In addition, breast-imaging algorithms for this synthetic-aperture "tumor radar" are being developed for use in pre-clinical trials commencing in 1999.

Principal Investigator: A. Taflove

Sponsor: Samsung, Inc. (Korea), 7/97 – 12/99

FDTD computational electromagnetics modeling is used to evaluate potential electromagnetic wave radiation problems caused by very-high-speed digital microchips.

Principal Investigator: A. Taflove

Sponsor: T&M Antennas, Inc., 7/98 – 12/98

FDTD computational electromagnetics modeling is used to evaluate the driving-point impedance and electromagnetic wave radiation properties of multi-band antennas considered for use in
next-generation, handheld, wireless cellular and PCS telephones.

Principal Investigator: A. Taflove

Sponsor: U.S. Army Research Office (ARO) / BSEI, Inc., 7/98 – 6/99

FDTD computational electromagnetics modeling is used to explore the target backscattering response of a proposed ultrawideband illuminating radar signal operating at millimeter wave frequencies.
The backscatter is compared to that of a radar signal having the same absolute-bandwidth but operating at much lower microwave frequencies. In the latter case, the percent bandwidth is much greater and the radar is correspondingly more difficult to engineer. Adaptivity of the millimeter-wave illuminating signal to discriminate among target shapes is explored.

Project Initiators: A. Taflove and P. Kumar

Sponsor: Motorola, Inc., 8/98 – 8/99

The Motorola Center for Telecommunications Research, established in 1998, has a wide variety of interests addressing important issues of the telecommunications industry. These include:

• efficient allocation of wireless channel resources to multimedia network traffic;

• enhancement of the capabilities of current wireless technologies;

• rapid design and manufacture of high-quality, small-size, low-power, application-specific processors for image and multimedia signals;

• encryption of data using physical rather than mathematical-based systems.

As part of the Motorola Center, industrial and McCormick researchers and students develop strong collaborations. A. Taflove and P. Kumar proposed the Motorola Center concept to the Dean and organized all of the preparatory meetings between Motorola and McCormick. A. Taflove wrote the Center proposal on behalf of the McCormick School of Engineering.

Principal Investigator: B. Wessels

Sponsor: U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), 5/85 – 4/99

This is a fundamental study of the defect structure of semiconducting perovskite oxides prepared
by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition. We examine the role of point and extended defects
in determining the dielectric properties of ferroelectric thin films. Analysis techniques include
X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, impedance spectroscopy, and polarization tests.

Principal Investigator: B. Wessels

Sponsor: NSF (Materials Research Center), 9/96 – 2/99

This project synthesizes and experimentally characterizes several new materials having the potential for constructing novel optical and electro-optical devices. The new materials include: (1) optically nonlinear ferroelectric-oxide thin films; (2) optically amplifying barium-titanate films grown by vapor-phase epitaxy and doped with rare-earth ions; (3) ferroelectric thin films integrated with silicon; (4) InAsSb thin films and heterostructures deposited by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy; and (5) quantum-well and quantum-dot nanostructures having potential applications in mid-infrared and far-infrared lasers and photodetectors.

Principal Investigator: B. Wessels

Sponsor: NSF (Science and Technology Center for Superconductivity), 1/95 – 1/99

High-temperature superconducting thin films are being investigated for potential high-speed device applications. The material systems investigated include BiSrCaCuO and oxycarbonates. Films are synthesized by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition.

Principal Investigator: B. Wessels

Sponsor: Ballistic Missile Defense Organization (BMDO) / Air Force Office of Scientific Research
(AFOSR), 9/96 – 8/98

Instrumentation has been acquired for the metalorganic molecular beam epitaxy of oxide thin films. Issues of integration of ferroelectrics with silicon will be addressed.

Principal Investigator: B. Wessels

Sponsor: National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), 1/97 – 12/98

The project involves the optimization of wide-gap semiconductor thin films for solar-blind ultraviolet photodetectors.

Principal Investigator: B. Wessels

Sponsor: NSF, 7/97 – 6/99

The defect structure of epitaxial gallium nitride and other wide-bandgap semiconductors is under investigation to optimize their electrical properties. Of special interest are the factors that determine p-type conductivity. Measurement techniques include photoluminescence spectroscopy, transient photoluminescence, and photocapacitance spectroscopy.

Principal Investigator: H. Yuen

Sponsor: ONR, 10/95 – 9/98

This project studies the possibility of achieving exponentially accurate measurements, in particular quantum measurements, using only polynomial resources. Potential areas of application include ultrahigh-precision measurements in science and technology, as well as the development of super-supercomputers.

Principal Investigator: H. Yuen

Sponsor: Motorola Center for Telecommunications Research, 8/98 – 8/99

This project introduces the concepts and techniques of quantum identification and quantum cash. Important potential commercial applications include no-clone memory, secure smart cards, and secure general financial transactions.

A. Taflove,* ed., Advances in Computational Electrodynamics: The Finite-Difference Time-Domain
Method, Norwood, MA: Artech House, 1998.

S. C. Hagness, S. T. Ho,* and A. Taflove,* "Finite-Difference Time-Domain (FDTD) Computational
Electrodynamics Simulations of Microlaser Cavities in One and Two Spatial Dimensions,"
in Computational Electromagnetics and its Applications, T. G. Campbell, R. A. Nicolaides, and
M. D. Salas, eds. (ICASE/LaRC Interdisciplinary Series in Science and Engineering, Vol. 5),
Dordrecht, Netherlands: Kluwer, 1997.

A. Taflove,* "Numerical issues regarding FDTD modeling of microwave structures," in Time Domain
Methods for Microwave Structures: Analysis and Design, B. Houshmand and T. Itoh, eds.,
New York: IEEE Press, pp. 59–75, 1998.

V. Sathiaseelan, B. B. Mittal, A. J. Fenn, and A. Taflove,* "Recent Advances in External
Electromagnetic Hyperthermia," Chap. 10 in Advances in Radiation Therapy, B. B. Mittal,
J. A. Purdy, and K. K. Ang, eds., part of the series Cancer Treatment and Research, S. T. Rosen
series ed., Dordrecht, Netherlands: Kluwer, 1998.

M. K. Chin and S. T. Ho,* "Design and modeling of waveguide-coupled single-mode ring resonators,"
J. Lightwave Technology, vol. 16, pp. 1433–1446, Aug. 1998.

S. C. Hagness, D. Rafizadeh, S. T. Ho,* and A. Taflove,* "FDTD microcavity simulations: Design and
experimental realization of waveguide-coupled single-mode ring and whispering-gallery-mode
disk resonators," J. Lightwave Technology, vol. 15, pp. 2154–2165, Nov. 1997.

D. Rafizadeh, J. P. Zhang, R. C. Tiberio, and S. T. Ho,* "Propagation loss measurements in
semiconductor microcavity ring and disk resonators," J. Lightwave Technology, vol. 16,
pp. 1308–1314, July 1998.

_______

C. W. Tu, W. G. Bi, Y. Ma, J. P. Zhang, L. W. Wang, and S. T. Ho,* "A novel material for long-
wavelength lasers: InNAsP," IEEE J. Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics, vol. 4,
pp. 510–513, May / June 1998.

P. Kumar,* "Introduction to Focus Issue: Experiments on generation and application of novel
quantum light states," Optics Express, vol. 2, no. 3, p. 58, 1998.

G. D. Bartolini, D. K. Serkland, and P. Kumar,* "All-optical storage of a picosecond-pulse packet
using parametric amplification," in Trends in Optics and Photonics Series, vol. 16: Optical
Amplifiers and Their Applications, M. N. Zervas, A. Willner, and S. Sasaki, eds., Optical Society of
America, Washington, D.C., 1997, pp. 129–136.

G. M. D’Ariano and P. Kumar,* "A quantum-mechanical study of optical regenerators based on
nonlinear-loop mirrors," IEEE Photonics Technology Lett., vol. 10, no. 5, pp. 699–701, 1998.

G. M. D’Ariano, M. Vasilyev, and P. Kumar,* "Self-homodyne tomography of a twin-beam state,"
Physical Review A, vol. 58, no. 1, pp. 636–648, 1998.

M. L. Marable, S-K. Choi, and P. Kumar,* "Measurement of quantum-noise correlations in parametric
image amplification," Optics Express, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 84–92, 1998.

A. Mecozzi and P. Kumar,* "Sub-Poissonian light by spatial soliton filtering," Quantum and
Semiclassical Optics, J. European Optical Society, Part B, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. L21–L26, 1998.

D. K. Serkland, P. Kumar,* M. A. Arbore, and M. M. Fejer, "Amplitude squeezing by means of quasi-
phase-matched second-harmonic generation in a lithium niobate waveguide," Optics Lett.,
vol. 22, no. 19, pp. 1497–1499, 1997.

D. K. Serkland, G. D. Bartolini, A. Agarwal, P. Kumar,* and W. L. Kath, "Pulsed degenerate optical
parametric oscillator based on a nonlinear-fiber Sagnac interferometer," Optics Lett., vol. 23,
no. 10, pp. 795–797, 1998.

D. K. Serkland, G. D. Bartolini, W. L. Kath, P. Kumar,* and A. V. Sahakian, "Rate multiplication of a
59-GHz soliton source at 1550 nm," J. Lightwave Technology, vol. 16, no. 4, pp. 670–677, 1998.

B. Elsebelgy, M. Plonus,* and D. R. Gerwe, "Double-passage imaging through a random phase
screen using coherent illumination," J. Optical Society of America, vol. 14, pp. 1872–1879,
Sept. 1997.

D. R. Gerwe and M. Plonus,* "Image restoration of multiple noisy images using a-priori knowledge of
the anisoplanatic point spread function," Optics Lett., vol. 23, pp. 83–85, Jan. 15, 1998.

S. C. Hagness, A. Taflove,* and J. E. Bridges, "Wideband ultralow reverberation antenna for
biological sensing," Electronics Lett., vol. 33, pp. 1594–1595, Sept. 11, 1997.

M. Popovic, S. C. Hagness, and A. Taflove,* "FDTD analysis of a complete TEM cell loaded with
liquid biological media in culture dishes," IEEE Trans. Biomedical Engineering, vol. 45,
pp. 1067–1076, Aug. 1998.

C. E. Reuter, A. Taflove,* V. Sathiaseelan, M. Piket-May, and B. B. Mittal, "Unexpected physical
phenomena indicated by FDTD modeling of the Sigma-60 deep hyperthermia applicator,"
IEEE Trans. Microwave Theory and Techniques, vol. 46, pp. 313–319, April 1998.

G. Stratis, V. Anantha, and A. Taflove,* "Numerical calculation of diffraction coefficients of generic
conducting and dielectric wedges using FDTD," IEEE Trans. Antennas and Propagation, vol. 45,
pp. 1525–1529, Oct. 1997.

E. Vasilyeva and A. Taflove,* "Three-dimensional modeling of amplitude-object imaging in scanning
near-field optical microscopy," Optics Lett., vol. 23, no. 15, pp. 1155–1157, Aug. 1, 1998.

K.-W. Chang, B. Wessels,* W. Qian, V. P. Dravid, J. L. Schindler, C. R. Kannewurf, D. B. Studebaker,
T. J. Marks, and R. Feenstra, "In-situ growth and doping of oxycarbonate SrCuO₂(CO₃) epitaxial thin
films", Physica C, vol. 303, no. 11,1998.

D. M. Gill, C. W. Conrad, G. Ford, B. W. Wessels,* and S. T. Ho,* "Thin-film channel waveguide
electro-optic modulator in epitaxial BaTiO₃," Applied Physics Lett., vol. 71, pp. 1783–1785,
Sept. 1997.

S. C. Theiring, M. R. Pillai, B. Wessels,* and S. A. Barnett, "The structure and interfacial stability of
(111)-oriented InAsSb / InAs strained-layer multi-quantum wells," J. Vacuum Sci. Technol. B, vol. 15,
no. 6, p. 2026, 1997.

H. P. Yuen* and A.M. Kim, "Classical noise-based cryptography similar to two-state quantum
cryptography," Physics Lett., vol. 241, pp. 135–138, 1998.

H. Cao, H. C. Ong, J. Y. Dai, Y. G. Zhao, X. Liu, J. Y. Wu, R. P. H. Chang, and S. T. Ho,* "UV lasing
in semiconductor polycrystalline films," Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conf.,
San Francisco, CA, May 3–8, 1998, Postdeadline Paper QPD6.

S. C. Hagness, D Rafizadeh, S. T. Ho,* and A. Taflove,* "Suppression of higher-order radial
whispering-gallery modes in waveguide-coupled microcavity disk resonators," Proc. IEEE LEOS
Annual Meeting, San Francisco, CA, vol. 2, pp. 160–161, Nov. 1997.

Y. Ma, M.-K. Chin, and S. T. Ho,* "An iterative method for the analysis of rectangular waveguide with
external effective index corrections," Photonics China 1998, Beijing, Sept. 16–19, 1998.

D. Rafizadeh, J. P. Zhang, S. C. Hagness, A. Taflove,* K. A. Stairs, R. C. Tiberio, and S. T. Ho,*
"Temperature tuning of microcavity ring and disk resonators at 1.5 microns," Proc. IEEE LEOS
Annual Meeting, San Francisco, CA., vol. 2, pp. 162–163, Nov. 1997.

G. D. Bartolini, D. K. Serkland, and P. Kumar,* "All-optical storage of a picosecond-pulse packet
using parametric amplification: Demonstration of single-shot loading," 1998 Optical Fiber
Communications Conf. (OFC’98), San Jose, CA, Feb. 22–27, 1998, paper WM22.

G. D. Bartolini, D. K. Serkland, and P. Kumar,* "All-optical storage of a picosecond-pulse packet
using parametric amplification: Phase-insensitive loading," Optical Amplifiers and Their
Applications Topical Meeting, Vail, Colorado, July 27–29, 1998, paper TuD11.

S.-K. Choi, M. Vasilyev, and P. Kumar,* "Noiseless image amplification by a phase-sensitive
parametric amplifier," Conf. on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO’98), San Francisco, CA,
May 3–8, 1998, paper CThY1.

S.-K. Choi, M. Vasilyev, and P. Kumar,* "Noiseless image amplification by a phase-sensitive
parametric amplifier," 4th Int’l. Conf. Quantum Communication, Measurement, and Computing
(QCM’98), Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, Aug. 22–27, 1998.

G. Kanter, P. Kumar,* and W. L. Kath, "Pulsed response of a fiber-optic phase-sensitive parametric
amplifier," 1997 Optical Society of America Annual Meeting, Long Beach, CA, Oct. 12–17, 1997,
paper TuCCC5.

D. Levandovsky, M. Vasilyev, and P. Kumar,* "Optimum noise filtering of quantum solitons," Int’l.
Quantum Electronics Conference (IQEC’98), San Francisco, CA, May 3–8, 1998, paper QWG5.

D. Levandovsky, M. Vasilyev, and P. Kumar,* "Optimum noise filtering of quantum solitons," 4th Int’l.
Conf. Quantum Communication, Measurement, and Computing (QCM’98), Northwestern
University, Evanston, IL, Aug. 22–27, 1998.

A. Mecozzi and P. Kumar,* "Linearized quantum-fluctuation theory of spectrally-filtered optical
solitons," 1997 Optical Society of America Annual Meeting, Long Beach, CA, Oct. 12–17, 1997,
paper ThD2.

D. K. Serkland, G. D. Bartolini, and P. Kumar,* "Pulsed optical parametric oscillator based on the fiber
Kerr nonlinearity," Conf. on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO’98), San Francisco, CA, May 3–8,
1998, paper CTuJ6.

M. Vasilyev, S.-K. Choi, P. Kumar,* and G. M. D’Ariano, "Measurement of the joint photon-number
distribution of a twin-beam state," 4th Int’l. Conf. Quantum Communication, Measurement, and
Computing (QCM’98), Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, Aug. 22–27, 1998.

V. Anantha and A. Taflove,* "Three-dimensional numerical diffraction coefficients of generic
conducting wedges using FDTD," 1998 IEEE Antennas and Propagation Soc. Int’l. Symp. and
URSI National Radio Science Meeting, Atlanta, GA, June 21–26, 1998.

S. C. Hagness and A. Taflove,* "Optimized waveguide-coupled microcavity ring and disk resonators,"
1998 IEEE Antennas and Propagation Soc. Int’l. Symp. and URSI National Radio Science
Meeting, Atlanta, GA, June 21–26, 1998.

S. C. Hagness, A. Taflove,* and J. E. Bridges, "FDTD modeling of a coherent-addition antenna array
for early-stage detection of breast cancer," 1998 IEEE Antennas and Propagation Soc. Int’l.
Symp. and URSI National Radio Science Meeting, Atlanta, GA, June 21–26, 1998.

M. Popovic, S. C. Hagness, A. Taflove,* and J. E. Bridges, "2-D FDTD study of fixed-focus elliptical
reflector system for breast cancer detection: Frequency window for optimum operation," 1998
IEEE Antennas and Propagation Soc. Int’l. Symp. and URSI National Radio Science Meeting,
Atlanta, GA, June 21–26, 1998.

E. Vasilyeva and A. Taflove,* "3-D FDTD image analysis in transmission illumination mode of
scanning near-field optical microscopy," 1998 IEEE Antennas and Propagation Soc. Int’l. Symp.
and URSI National Radio Science Meeting, Atlanta, GA, June 21–26, 1998.

B. W. Wessels,* "Epitaxial ferroelectric oxides for electro-optic and non-linear optical applications,"
Materials Research Soc. Proc., vol. 495, 1998.

D. M. Gill, G. Ford, B. W. Wessels,* and S. T. Ho,* "Stimulated emission in epitaxial Er:BaTiO₃ on
MgO channel waveguides," Conf. Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEOS’98), San Francisco, CA,
May 3–8, 1998, paper CtuN3.

D. M. Gill, G. M. Ford, B. A. Block, B. W. Wessels,* and S. T. Ho,* "Guided wave fluorescence in thin-film
Er-doped barium titanate," Materials Research Soc. Proc., vol. 486, 1998.

M. Nystrom and B. W. Wessels,* "The effect of domain structure on the electro-optic response of
potassium niobate thin films," Materials Research Soc. Proc., vol. 443, 1997.

N. J. Nystrom and B. W. Wessels,* "The effects of substrate thermal mismatch on the domain structure
of MOCVD-derived potassium niobate thin films," Materials Research Soc. Proc., vol. 474, 1997.

S. T. Ho,* "Nanophotonics and VLSI photonics," University of California at San Diego, May 1,1998.

S. T. Ho,* Nanoscale lasers and devices," fireside talk, NU Lindgren Residential College of Science
and Engineering, May 19, 1998.

S. T. Ho* and M. K. Chin, "Nanophotonics: Applications to near-field optics, devices," in session
Far and Near Field Optics, Physics and Information Processing, SPIE Int’l. Symp. Optical
Science, Engineering, and Instrumentation, San Diego, CA, July 19–24 1998.

S. T. Ho,* "QED phenomena and applications of microcavities and photonic crystals," 1998 Summer
School Institut d’Etudes Scientifiques de Cargese, Ecole Polytechnique, France, Aug. 1998.

S. T. Ho,* "Optical properties of microcavities," Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical
Physics, Italy, Aug. 1998.

P. Kumar,* "Quantum noise in parametric image amplification," 1997 Optical Society of America
Annual Meeting, Long Beach, CA, Oct. 12–17, 1997, paper TuGGG7.

P. Kumar,* "Parametric devices for ultrahigh-speed systems," Interdisciplinary Seminar in Nonlinear
Science, Northwestern University, Oct. 31, 1997.

P. Kumar,* "Parametric devices for ultrahigh-speed TDM systems," Laboratory for Physical Sciences,
College Park, MD, Nov. 12, 1997.

P. Kumar,* "Parametric devices for ultrahigh-speed TDM systems," National Laser Symposium,
Physical Research Laboratory, Ahmedabad, India, Dec. 10–12, 1997.

P. Kumar,* "Parametric-amplification based buffers and regenerators for TB/S packet-switched
networks," Joint Information Technology Laboratory / Physics Laboratory Seminar, National
Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, June 16, 1998.

A. Taflove,* "Advances in FDTD computational electrodynamics," Progress in Electromagnetics
Research Symp. (PIERS’98), Nantes, France, July 98.

B. W. Wessels,* "Metal-organic chemical vapor deposition of perovskites and related oxides,"
Materials Research Soc. Fall Meeting, Boston, MA, Dec. 1997.

B. W. Wessels,* "Nucleation of semiconductor nanostructures," Materials Research Soc. Fall
Meeting, Boston, MA, Dec. 1997.

B. W. Wessels,* "Tutorial: Chemical processing and applications of electronic ceramics," Materials
Research Soc. Fall Meeting, Boston, MA, Dec. 1997.

H. P. Yuen,* "A new approach to quantum and classical computation," 4th Int’l. Conf. on Quantum
Communication, Computing, and Measurement, Northwestern University, Aug. 1998.

H. P. Yuen,* "Coding theorems of quantum information theory," Int’l. Symp. Information Theory,
MIT, Aug. 1998.

S.-T. Ho,* session chair, IEEE Lasers and Electro-Optics Society 1997 Annual Meeting, San Francisco,
CA, Nov. 10–13, 1997.

P. Kumar,* conference organizer and general chair, 4th Int. Conf. on Quantum Communication,
Measurement, and Computing, Northwestern Univ., Evanston, IL, Aug. 22–27, 1998.

P. Kumar,* session chair, "Applications of Nonlinear Optics," at Conf. on Lasers and Electro-Optics
(CLEO’98), San Francisco, CA. May 3–8, 1998.

A. Taflove,* workshop organizer and chair, "Advances in FDTD Methods for Computational
Electromagnetics," at Progress in Electromagnetics Research Symposium (PIERS’98), Nantes,
France, July 1998.

B. W. Wessels,* session chair, "Oxide Thin Films," at TMS Electronic Materials Conf., Univ. of Virginia,
June 1998.

D. Rafizadeh, Experimental Realization of Nanofabricated Semiconductor Waveguide-Coupled
Microcavity Ring and Disk Optical Resonators, Dec. 1997. (S. T. Ho*)

G. Bartolini, All-Fiber Optical Storage of Picosecond Pulse Packets Using Phase-Sensitive
Amplification, June 1998. (P. Kumar*)

D. R. Gerwe, Superresolution Imaging Through Atmospheric Turbulence, June 1998. (M. A. Plonus*)

Y-J Maa, Modeling of Bipolar Junction Devices Using the Thermodynamics Theory of Generalized
Fields, June 1998. (M. A. Plonus*)

S. C. Hagness, FDTD Computational Electromagnetics Modeling of Microcavity Lasers and Resonant
Optical Structures, June 1998. (A. Taflove*)

C. Duran, Investigation of the Relationship of Structure and Transport Properties of Superconducting
BiSrCaCuO Thin Films Grown by Metalorganic Chemical Vapor Deposition, June 1998.
(B. Wessels*)

G. Ford, Radiative and Non-Radiative Processes in Hetero-Epitaxial Rare Earth Doped Barium Titanate
Thin Films for Photonic Applications, June 1998. (B. Wessels*)

G.-C. Yi, Defect Structure of Epitaxial Nitride and Oxide Thin Films, Dec. 1997. (B. Wessels*)